绿织蚁 Oecophylla smaragdina 视觉系统的生理特性,Journal of Comparative Physiology A
- 2025-05-30 22:50:24
绿织蚁 ( Oecophylla smaragdina)是标志性动物，以其极端的合作行为而闻名，它们通过相互连接来建立生命链来弥合差距。它们是视觉导向的动物，会向更近的目标建立链条，使用天体罗盘提示进行导航，并且是视觉掠食者。在这里，我们描述他们的视觉感官能力。与小工蚁(508) 相比，大工蚁的每只眼睛都有更多的小眼 (804)，但两个种姓之间的小面直径相当。我们测量了复眼的脉冲响应，发现它们的响应持续时间（42 毫秒）与其他缓慢移动的蚂蚁相似。我们确定复眼在最亮光强度下的闪烁融合频率为 132 Hz，这对于行走的昆虫来说相对较快，表明视觉系统非常适合昼夜生活方式。使用模式视网膜电图，我们确定复眼具有 0.5 个周期 deg -1的空间分辨能力，并在 0.05 个周期 deg -1时达到 2.9 的峰值对比敏感度（35% 迈克尔逊对比阈值） 。我们讨论空间分辨率和对比敏感度与小眼数量和晶状体尺寸的关系。
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Physiological properties of the visual system in the Green Weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina
The Green Weaver ants, Oecophylla smaragdina are iconic animals known for their extreme cooperative behaviour where they bridge gaps by linking to each other to build living chains. They are visually oriented animals, build chains towards closer targets, use celestial compass cues for navigation and are visual predators. Here, we describe their visual sensory capacity. The major workers of O. smaragdina have more ommatidia (804) in each eye compared to minor workers (508), but the facet diameters are comparable between both castes. We measured the impulse responses of the compound eye and found their response duration (42 ms) was similar to that seen in other slow-moving ants. We determined the flicker fusion frequency of the compound eye at the brightest light intensity to be 132 Hz, which is relatively fast for a walking insect suggesting the visual system is well suited for a diurnal lifestyle. Using pattern-electroretinography we identified the compound eye has a spatial resolving power of 0.5 cycles deg−1 and reached peak contrast sensitivity of 2.9 (35% Michelson contrast threshold) at 0.05 cycles deg−1. We discuss the relationship of spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity, with number of ommatidia and size of the lens.
